Improved understanding of the molecular basis of gynecologic cancers in addition to the availability of faster and less expensive technologies for genetic analysis of cancers has led to the exciting…
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms are malignant lesions that arise from placental villous and extravillous trophoblast. Four clinicopathologic conditions make up this entity: invasive mole (IM), choriocarcinoma (CCA), placental-site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT),…
Surgical management of ovarian cancer requires excellent judgment and mastery of a wide array of procedures. Involvement of a gynecologic oncologist improves outcomes. Staging of apparent stage I disease is important….
Vulvar cancer is surgically staged and is categorized by the pathologic evaluation of the vulvar tumor and the inguinofemoral lymph nodes. All tumors more invasive than 1 mm and larger…
The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer have decreased dramatically over the past 70 years in well-developed countries through successful screening programs using cytologic examination, followed by evaluation and treatment…
Hereditary cancer syndromes are responsible for 5% of endometrial cancers and 10% of ovarian cancers. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome account for most of these inherited…
Late menarche, giving birth, breastfeeding, oral contraceptive use, IUD use, and tubal ligation decrease risk for both endometrial and ovarian cancer, while more ovulatory cycles, obesity, use of talc in…
Evaluation and treatment of hematologic disorders in pregnancy requires an understanding of normal physiologic changes during pregnancy. Hematologic disorders may be caused by preexisting conditions, normal physiologic changes, or can…
The diagnosis and management of severe thrombocytopenias can be difficult, but is necessary to avoid significant morbidity and mortality. The causes of severe thrombocytopenias, often with a platelet count of…
Lymph node or spleen enlargement may be innocent or the first sign of a serious disorder. Lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly can be found in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients. Lymph node enlargement…
