Management of Oncologic Emergencies
Abstract Survival in children with cancer has increased dramatically over the past five decades. This progress is due not only to advances in oncologic therapies, but also to advances in…
HEMATOLOGY
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become an accepted therapeutic modality for the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant disorders. The indications for allogeneic and autologous HSCT are shown. Most…
Hepatic Tumors
Abstract This chapter describes the current diagnosis, staging, and treatment of hepatic tumors. The most common pediatric hepatic tumor is hepatoblastoma. While hepatocarcinomas are usually seen in adults, they do…
Malignant Bone Tumors
Abstract This chapter describes the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, work-up, and management of patients with malignant bone tumors. Keywords Osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, chondrosarcoma, giant cell tumor of bone,…
Germ Cell Tumors
Abstract Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a very heterogeneous group of tumors that range from benign (teratoma) to highly malignant (choriocarcinoma). Many tumors contain mixed elements. This chapter describes the…
Retinoblastoma
Abstract This chapter discusses the incidence, classification, genetics, epidemiology, pathology, clinical features, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and posttreatment management of retinoblastoma. Keywords retinoblastoma, RBI gene, genetic counseling, chemotherapy, plaque radiotherapy, intra-arterial…
Rhabdomyosarcoma and Other Soft-Tissue Sarcomas
Abstract Soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors derived from primitive mesenchymal cells. These tumors arise from muscle, connective tissue, supportive tissue, and vascular tissue. As a…
Renal Tumors
Abstract Renal tumors comprise roughly 6% of all childhood malignancies. Wilms’ tumor is the most common pediatric renal tumor. Less common renal tumors include clear cell sarcoma of the kidney,…
Neuroblastoma
Abstract Neuroblastoma originates from primordial neural crest cells that normally give rise to adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia. While it accounts for 7% of all childhood malignancies, neuroblastoma accounts for…
Central Nervous System Malignancies
Abstract Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are the second most common group of cancers in childhood, accounting for 20% of all childhood malignancies, and affecting 35 per million…
