Intervention Mechanism of action Effectiveness in bipolar disorder Adverse effects/notable interactions Omega-3 fatty acids Regulation of neurotransmission, involved in cell survival and protection against neuro-inflammation Mixed evidence for mild–moderate effect…
Fig. 6.1 Potential interactive and non-interactive effects of age and bipolar disease (used with permission from Weisenbach et al. [4]) In their cross-sectional study of young and late middle-aged patients with…
Articles Groups RCT Total N Mean age Sample description Recruitment Attrition Bartels et al. [20], Mueser et al. [21] (same sample) HOPES versus TAU Yes 183 60.2 20 % BD, 28 %…
Modulation therapy General anesthesia Cognitive side effects Indicated when failure to respond to one antidepressant in current episode Treatment-resistant depression Switch to mania Seizurogenic ECT Yes Yes – + Cases reported…
Neurological Dementia/neurocognitive disorders Traumatic brain injury Epilepsy Infectious encephalitis Cerebrovascular disease Brain tumors Movement disorders Systemic Infections Thyroid abnormalities Illicit Drugs: i.e., cocaine Medication Antidepressants Benzodiazepines Corticosteroids Thyroid replacements Dopamine…
Age category (years) Target lithium levela (mmol/L) Approximate lithium daily doseb (mg/day) Starting doseb (mg/day) 45–59 0.4–0.8 600–1200 300–450 60–79 0.4–0.8 300–600 150 80–95 0.4–0.6 150–300 150 aThe target lithium…
Increase No effect Decrease Lithium Loop diuretics Aspirin Mannitol Thiazide diuretics Paracetamol Aminophylline Calcium blockers Nefazodone Theophylline ACE inhibitors Mirtazepine AT II receptor blockers Valproate COX2 inhibitors Lamotrigine Trimethoprim Amisulpride…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Susan W. Lehmann and Brent P. Forester (eds.)Bipolar Disorder in Older Age Patients10.1007/978-3-319-48912-4_5 5. Older Age Bipolar Disorder and Substance Use Chaya Bhuvaneswaran1 , Rita Hargrave2 and E. Sherwood Brown3 (1) 35 Morrill Street,…
Antihypertensive class Advantages Disadvantages Recommended indications Cautions Thiazide diuretics Greater reduction of systolic BP Daily use Improve bone mineral density Hypokalemia Urinary frequency Systolic hypertension Hyponatremia Gout ACE inhibitors and…
Fig. 1 Glossary of terms Documenting the Visit The AMA is responsible for establishing and maintaining the CPT codes. The AMA defined documentation guidelines for Evaluation and Management (E/M) codes…
