Fig. 17.1 Cortisol day curve performed after first episode of severe hypoglycaemia Unfortunately, 6 months later she experienced a further episode of severe hypoglycaemia at work, involving a further blackout…

Herbs and natural agents Illicit drugs Prescription medications Anti-depressants and anti-psychotics Hormonal agents Others Anise Blessed thistle Fennel Fenugreek seeds Marshmallow Nettle Red Clover Red Raspberry Cannabis Cocaine Amphetamines Benzodiazepines…

Fig. 9.1 Goldman visual fields showing severe bitemporal hemianopia from chiasmal compression, worse on the right Visual field deficits relating to a prefixed chiasm are rare and would result in…

Autonomic Neuroglycopenic Sweating Dizziness Trembling Confusion Warmness Tiredness Anxiety Difficulty with speaking Hunger Headache Pounding heart Blurred vision Weakness Difficulty in concentrating The next group of questions relates to possible…

Days Na mmol/L Comments On admission <100  Day 1 106  Day 1 114  Day 1 119  Day 2 123 Confusion better Day 3 128  Day 4 129  Day 6 129…

Fig. 22.1 The two most common surgical procedures. (a) Adjustable gastric banding. (b) Roux en Y gastric bypass Table 22.1 Comparison of the characteristics of the two most common surgical…

Nutrient Biomarker(s) Symptoms of deficiency Vitamin A  Visual impairment reduced night vision Vitamin B1   Wernicke encephalopathy Nystagmus, ataxia Ophthalmoplegia Peripheral neuropathy Vitamin B12 Serum vitamin B12 Anaemia Peripheral neuropathy…

Fig. 23.1 Edmonton obesity staging system (Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd.: Sharma and Kushner [27] copyright 2009) What are the main points that should be considered when taking…

Test Number of abnormal values Threshold (equal or greater than) in mmol/L Organisation   0 h 1 h 2 h 3 h  50 g OGCT 1 – 7.2 – – CC,…

Fig. 20.1 Family pedigree What is your diagnosis now? Evidence now suggested that Jennifer did not have type 1 diabetes. We then considered whether she had evidence for type 2…