Antimicrobial stewardship refers to the appropriate selection, dosing, route, and duration of antimicrobial therapy to optimize patient outcomes and minimize toxicity and the development of resistant pathogens. Over the past…
Vaccination has repeatedly been acknowledged as one of the most important tools for reduction of mortality worldwide and one of the most cost-effective ways to decrease health care–related costs. Immunocompromised…
Chemotherapy agents have been the cornerstone of cancer treatments since the 1960s when the first concerted attempts were made to treat cancer. Although these agents are effective at destroying cancer…
Solid organ transplantation (SOT) has transformed the prognosis of many children with organ failure. An estimated 135,860 SOTs were performed worldwide in 2016. A total of 33,610 SOTs were performed…
Patients who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are at risk for developing bacterial, fungal, viral, and/or parasitic infections, particularly those who receive allogeneic transplants. Infections in these patients are…
Donors of cells or organs are important potential sources of infection in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell (HSCT) or solid organ transplantation (SOT). In both settings, the donor may be…
Basic principles of the infectious disease pretransplant evaluation The pretransplant infectious disease evaluation represents the first step in a long continuum of infection prevention that extends into the posttransplant period….
Invasive infections are a common source of morbidity and mortality in children with cancer. The risk for infectious complications during therapy for cancer is inversely related to age: children with…
Infections are one of the most frequent serious complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The risk of infections corresponds to the complex interplay between organ dysfunction or tissue damage,…
Balanced immunosuppression is essential to ensure acceptance of a solid organ transplant and an overall successful patient outcome. The fundamental purpose of immunosuppression is to modulate the immune system’s ability…
