Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Danielle A. Katz Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is defined by the presence of macroglossia, omphalocele, and visceromegaly. Typically these children are seen by an orthopaedic surgeon for hemihypertrophy and/or cerebral…
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Kathryn Palomino Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by early onset of multiple colorectal polyps. These polyps are premaligmant lesions that are highly likely to progress into…
Myogenic, Lipogenic, and Epithelial Bone Sarcomas Hannah D. Morgan Leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma of bone and adamantinoma are all rare osseous malignancies, each constituting less than 1% all bone sarcomas. Patients…
Vascular Sarcomas of Bone Hannah D. Morgan Vascular sarcomas of bone are extremely rare tumors for which the nomenclature is confusing, as there are a myriad of terms in the…
Notochordal Tumors Hannah D. Morgan In human embryos, the notochord is a rod of cells on the ventral aspect of the neural tube. It is the foundation of the spinal…
Chondrosarcoma R. Lor Randall Kenneth J. Hunt Chondrosarcomas of bone can be found in any bone in the human body and include a spectrum of lesions that range from low…
Fibrous, Fibrohistiocytic, and Giant Cell Tumor Malignancies Hannah D. Morgan Fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone, and malignancy in giant cell tumor (GCT) are three relatively rare bone sarcomas…
Ewing Sarcoma and Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Bone Bruce Rougraff Ewing sarcoma was a feared cancer of childhood, with very few survivors, prior to the use of chemotherapy, surgical resection,…
Osteosarcoma Francis R. Patterson Osteosarcoma is the most common sarcoma of bone in young people. While relatively rare compared to other orthopaedic disorders, an appropriate level of suspicion must be…
Other Tumors of Undefined Neoplastic Nature Sean V. McGarry C. Parker Gibbs Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) and Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) are histiocytoses: rare benign lesions of bone in which the…
