Diabetes Insipidus
Abstract Diabetes insipidus is characterized by the excretion of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine under conditions of ad libitum fluid intake. In rare cases, it is caused by mutations…
Molecular Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer
Abstract Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) represents the gold standard for the evaluation of thyroid nodules, although 20% to 30% of FNAC have indeterminate cytology, recognizing the problem of the correct…
Developmental Abnormalities of the Thyroid
Abstract Developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland (thyroid dysgenesis) underlie the majority of cases of congenital hypothyroidism. Only a small number of monogenic defects have been shown to result in…
Mechanisms of Mutation
Abstract Mutation is a sudden, inheritable change in DNA sequence. Single nucleotide variation (SNV), insertion or deletion of a few nucleotides (indels), rearrangements, change in the number of copies of…
Functioning Pituitary Adenomas
Abstract Many molecular genetic abnormalities have been recognized in the setting of anterior pituitary adenomas. However, pituitary adenomas with heritable genetic causes are rare and have been described most often…
Hypoglycemia
Abstract Hypoglycemia is a disorder with manifold potential etiologies, from environmental to inherited, from presenting in isolation to presenting as a small part of a clinical syndrome, from insulin excess…
Targeted Systemic Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA
Keywords siRNA, RNAi, cancer, targeted delivery, theranostics Introduction RNA interference (RNAi) is a relatively new and highly promising technology for gene therapy ( Figure 4.1 ). RNAi is a…
Selectively Replicating Oncolytic Adenoviruses Combined with Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, or Molecular Targeted Therapy for Treatment of Human Cancers
Keywords Oncolytic virus, adenovirus, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, clinical trial, combined therapy Introduction Gene and vector-based molecular therapies for cancer encompass a wide range of treatment types that…
Modified Oncolytic Herpesviruses for Gene Therapy of Cancer
Keywords Herpes simplex virus, immunotherapy, oncolysis, advanced cancer, vaccine Introduction Recent advances in viral genome sequencing and elucidation of viral protein function combined with a better understanding of tumor…
Gene Therapy in Radiotherapy of Cancer
Keywords Radiotherapy, Radioprotection, MnSOD-PL Introduction: The Radiotherapy Update Radiation therapy (radiotherapy) remains one of the three critical approaches toward the management of the cancer patient, along with surgery and…
