Author Year Lap Open Adequacy of resection Results for lap group Survival Kitano et al. [11] 2002 14a 14 Identical Less EBL and pain, earlier recovery of bowel function na…
Indications (low risk) High risk Unifocal (limited or focal), flat HGD Multifocal HGD, HGD with nodules Type I, IIa < 2 cm, IIb, IIc < 1 cm Type I, II > 3 cm, type III Well-…
Fig. 6.1 Precursor lesion of intestinal type gastric cancer – dysplasia. (a) Low-grade dysplasia. Pseudostratification of nuclei. Nuclei are elongated and mostly basally orientated. Few mitotic figures. (b) High-grade dysplasia….
Step Action 1 Insert endoscope 2 Dilate to 16 m with balloon dilator, if necessary 3 Place hemoclip 2 cm at planned distal end of stent 4 Insert wire and…
Fig. 16.1 Arrangement of ports in thoracoscopic approach. AAL anterior axillary line, MAL midaxillary line, PAL posterior axillary line Fig. 16.2 The esophageal tumor is pushed away from the esophageal…
Treatment arms Primary end point Secondary end points MAGIC [3] Surgery alone Epirubicin 50 mg/m2 day 1 5-year OS 5-year PFS Cisplatin 60 mg/m2 day 1 HR 0.75 HR 0.66…
Author ECP patients LOS (PC) (days) LOS (ECP) (days) Mortality (PC) (%) Mortality (ECP) (%) Morbidity (PC) (%) Morbidity (ECP) (%) Zehr et al. (1991–1997) [24] 96 13.6 ± 6.9 9.5 ± 2.8 3.6…
Fig. 4.1 (a) The lymphatics of the esophagus are distributed in the form of a submucosal and a paraesophageal plexus that can both drain directly into the periesophageal lymph nodes….
Risk factor Risk Tobacco 4–8× Alcohol 1.3–8× Alcohol dehydrogenase 4× Fruits and vegetables 0.53–0.56× Poverty 8× Gastroesophageal reflux 7.7× Obesity 3.1× Helicobacter pylori infection 0.56–1.1× Squamous Cell Carcinoma Worldwide squamous…
Cardiac disease Pulmonary disease Liver disease VTE Nutrition Frailty Risk factors CAD COPD/asthma ETOH Hx of VTE > 10 % Weight loss Age > 65 Prior MI Exercise intolerance Hepatitis Immobility…
