Modeling Cancer Metastasis
Fig. 7.1 A model of PCa progression. PCa starts as a localized tumor. In its natural progression, it typically metastasizes to the lymph nodes and then the bone, producing bone-forming…
Using PDX for Biomarker Development
Fig. 9.1 Biomarker Classification. Adapted from Mishra A, Verma M. Cancer biomarkers: are we ready for the prime time? Cancers. 2010;2(1):190–208. doi:10.3390/cancers2010190 DNA Biomarkers The most fundamental event in the…
Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts: Historical Background
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Yuzhuo Wang, Dong Lin and Peter W. Gout (eds.)Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Human Cancer Molecular and Translational Medicine10.1007/978-3-319-55825-7_1 1. Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts: Historical Background Dong Lin1, 2, 3 , Xinya Wang1, Peter W. Gout4, 3 and…
Towards Best Practice in Establishing Patient-Derived Xenografts
Fig. 2.1 Overview of the main steps in establishing PDXs. Step 1: High-quality patient specimens are obtained from various stages of cancer progression, from benign tissue to metastases, using a…
Studies of Cancer Heterogeneity Using PDX Models
Fig. 5.1 Efficacy study of S-1 in four gastric PDX models. a and b show that GAPF155 and GAPF157 were sensitive to S-1; c and d show that GAPF161 and…
Pathologic Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer
Fig. 4.1 Overturning the aspiration needle and tapping the material on the slide can often facilitate removal of partially clotted specimen in the needle hub Once a small amount of…
Lymph Node Dissection for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Fig. 13.1 (a) Lymph node groups in the neck. From Fialkowski EA, Moley JF. Current approaches to medullary thyroid carcinoma, sporadic, and familial. (b) Specimen from a patient following central…
Imaging Modalities in the Diagnosis of Recurrent or Metastatic Thyroid Cancer
Fig. 19.1 A 40-year-old female with papillary thyroid carcinoma and positive nodal metastases on dissection. TBI (a) with SPECT (b) showing uptake in the neck, which localizes to the thyroid…
High-Risk and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Fig. 9.1 Ultrasound, right transverse Fig. 9.2 Ultrasound, lymph node Fig. 9.3 CT showing right thyroid mass Fig. 9.4 CT He underwent a total thyroidectomy, central neck dissection, and right…
Role of Radioactive Iodine for Remnant Ablation in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Fig. 17.1 Size distribution of maximal tumor diameter in 4138 adult PTC patients consecutively treated at Mayo during 1935–2014 and demonstrating that one-third of these patients during the eight decades…
