Gallbladder Cancer
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Print Section Listen Gallbladder cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. Described for the first time in two autopsy cases by Stoll and his colleagues…
Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
OVERVIEW Print Section Listen Cholangiocarcinoma is a diverse group of rare but highly fatal malignancies arising from the biliary tract epithelium. According to their anatomical origin in the biliary tract,…
Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases: Thermal Ablation, Transarterial Embolotherapy, and Future Directions
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a spectrum of histologies which share the ability to secrete hormonal or vasoactive peptides.1 The most common NETs are carcinoid and pancreatic…
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) is the second most frequent primary malignant tumor of the liver after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). IHCCs are considered as primary intrahepatic liver tumors….
Radiological Imaging of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors
IMAGING MODALITIES: BASIC PRINCIPLES Print Section Listen Ultrasonography Ultrasonography, or ultrasound (US), utilizes high-frequency sound waves to noninvasively interrogate structures within a body. The production of ultrasonographic images is based…
Benign Liver Tumors
OVERVIEW Print Section Listen In practice, patients with benign liver tumors typically present in three broad clinical scenarios: (1) a liver tumor incidentally discovered in an asymptomatic patient, (2) a…
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer globally and accounts for the third most cancer deaths worldwide (Fig. 127-1). Although geographic variability exists in…
Non-colorectal, Non-neuroendocrine Liver Metastases
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The liver is one of the most common sites of metastatic involvement for not only gastrointestinal malignancies, but also for a broad spectrum of cancers. While…
Cystic Lesions of the Liver and Biliary Tract
OVERVIEW Print Section Listen Improvements in radiographic imaging over the last several decades have led to an increased recognition of cystic lesions in the liver and biliary tract. These cysts…
Management of Hepatic Metastases from Neuroendocrine Tumors
BACKGROUND AND HISTORICAL ELEMENTS Print Section Listen Oberdorfer first described a tumor different from classic adenocarcinoma in the early 1900s, and referred to it as “karzinoid.” Historically, carcinoid has been…
