Risk Assessment
where p = probability. While the concept is intuitive, it is easy to forget that the denominator can be just as important as the numerator in determining the final relative risk (RR)….
Systemic Therapy
98. Stewart HJ, Forrest AP, Everington D, et al. Randomised comparison of 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen with continuous therapy for operable breast cancer. The Scottish Cancer Trials Breast Group….
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis
Fig. 9.1 A large 10cm IDC is occult on 2D mammography but well demonstrated on CEMRI imaging in this woman with dense breasts Fig. 9.2 A 2cm. spiculated IDC is…
The Sick Lobe Concept
Fig. 3.1 Lobar growth pattern in diffusely growing in situ breast carcinoma. (a) Magnetic resonance imaging, (b) the same image with diseased area marked, (c) corresponding large-format histology section of…
Surgical Management of the Axilla
Clinical circumstances Recommendations for use of sentinel node biopsy Level of evidence T1 or T2 tumors Acceptable Good T3 or T4 tumors Not recommended Insufficient Multicentric tumors Acceptable Limited Inflammatory…
The Surgical Management of Invasive Breast Cancer
Darius S. Francescatti and Melvin J. Silverstein (eds.)Breast Cancer2014A New Era in Management10.1007/978-1-4614-8063-1_16© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 16. The Surgical Management of Invasive Breast Cancer Beth C. Freedman1, Alyssa Gillego2 and Susan K. Boolbol3 (1) Department of Breast…
RF Therapy
Trial Year Disease N Treatment Complete ablation Complications Jeffrey et al. [15] 1999 T3–T4 breast cancer or tumors >5 cm 5 Intraoperative RFA—mastectomy 80 % None Izzo et al. [16]…
Role of Stereotaxis in Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Tumors
Fig. 7.1 (a) First stereotactic table imported into the United States in 1985. (b) The module on which the biopsy needle was positioned and manually operated. (c) Stereotactic breast biopsy…
Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic neutrophilic leukemia
Figure 15.1 Peripheral blood smear in patient 1 shows dysplastic granulocytes, with hypogranular cytoplasm and megaloblastoid chromatin. Two myelocytes (top) are part of a significant left shift. A segmented neutrophil…
Systemic mast cell disease: diagnosis and management
Figure 12.1 Darier’s sign. Blood tests carried out show a normal full blood count, liver function tests, and bone profile (calcium and vitamin D level). Is a skin biopsy necessary…
