Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms are malignant lesions that arise from placental villous and extravillous trophoblast. Four clinicopathologic conditions make up this entity: invasive mole (IM), choriocarcinoma (CCA), placental-site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT),…
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. In developed countries screening programs have decreased the incidence of this disease and improved the detection of early-stage disease…
Despite being the most common gynecologic cancer in developed countries, there are many unanswered questions regarding optimal surgical management of endometrial cancer, including who should undergo surgical staging. There is…
Vulvar cancer is surgically staged and is categorized by the pathologic evaluation of the vulvar tumor and the inguinofemoral lymph nodes. All tumors more invasive than 1 mm and larger…
The incidence and mortality of cervical cancer have decreased dramatically over the past 70 years in well-developed countries through successful screening programs using cytologic examination, followed by evaluation and treatment…
Late menarche, giving birth, breastfeeding, oral contraceptive use, IUD use, and tubal ligation decrease risk for both endometrial and ovarian cancer, while more ovulatory cycles, obesity, use of talc in…
Hereditary cancer syndromes are responsible for 5% of endometrial cancers and 10% of ovarian cancers. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome account for most of these inherited…
Ross S. Berkowitz, MD, Guest Editor Like many areas in oncology, gynecologic oncology has made several important recent advances in both the prevention and the treatment of reproductive malignancies. New…
Evaluation and treatment of hematologic disorders in pregnancy requires an understanding of normal physiologic changes during pregnancy. Hematologic disorders may be caused by preexisting conditions, normal physiologic changes, or can…
The diagnosis and management of severe thrombocytopenias can be difficult, but is necessary to avoid significant morbidity and mortality. The causes of severe thrombocytopenias, often with a platelet count of…
