Oncogenes and Signal Transduction
Figure 2-1 Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in cancer Scheme for growth factor signaling through receptor tyrosine kinases. Oncogenes Oncogenes encode proteins that possess the ability to cause cellular transformation. These…
Cancer and the Cellular Immune Response
Figure 51-1 Toll-like receptor (TLR) family subdivision Phylogenetic analyses of the amino acid sequence and structure of TLRs suggest that they are evolved to recognize a variety of pathogen-derived signals…
Molecular Abnormalities in Kidney Cancer
Table 39-2 2004 WHO Classification Of RCC Approximately 2% to 5% of kidney cancers are linked to a recognized cancer predisposition syndrome, and there is at least one such syndrome…
Cancer Therapeutics
Figure 46-1 Targets for anticancer drugs Anticancer drugs work by interfering with the processes underlying normal cellular physiology. These include receptor-activated signal transduction pathways culminating in transcriptional activation, DNA replication,…
Molecular Biology of Childhood Neoplasms
Figure 27-1 A, Homogeneously stained regions and, B,double-minute chromosomes in neuroblastoma. The clinical stage and age of onset are highly significant independent prognostic variables. For example, a unique presentation of…
From Bench to Bedside with Targeted Therapies
Figure 45-1 Paul Ehrlich: birth of targeted therapy, 1911. For the next 40 years, great progress was made in developing additional chemotherapeutic anticancer agents. Two approaches were used. The first…
Biology of Adult Myelocytic Leukemia and Myelodysplasia
AML, Acute myeloid leukemia. ∗ Determined among 1311 patients with de novo AML enrolled onto Study 8461 of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B. † Partial tandem duplication of the…
Molecular Pathology
Figure 59-1 Immunohistochemistry (A) (1) An antibody specific for a particular protein, phosphate, sulfate, carbohydrate, or other moiety is allowed to bind to the tissue section. (2) A secondary “anti-antibody”…
