THYROID HORMONE RESPONSE ELEMENTS Part of “CHAPTER 31 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: HORMONE ACTION, RECEPTORS, AND POSTRECEPTOR EVENTS“ TRs are ligand-dependent transcription factors that bind to distinct DNA sequences, generally in…
THYROID-HORMONE RECEPTORS AND THEIR STRUCTURE Part of “CHAPTER 31 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: HORMONE ACTION, RECEPTORS, AND POSTRECEPTOR EVENTS“ Two related TRs, which have been identified, bind TH with high affinity…
TARGET GENE REGULATION BY THYROID HORMONE Part of “CHAPTER 31 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: HORMONE ACTION, RECEPTORS, AND POSTRECEPTOR EVENTS“ The effects of thyroid hormone (TH; L-thyroxine, T4; L-triiodo-thyronine, T3) on…
THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: HORMONE ACTION, RECEPTORS, AND POSTRECEPTOR EVENTS Paul M. Yen TARGET GENE REGULATION BY THYROID HORMONE THYROID-HORMONE RECEPTORS AND THEIR STRUCTURE Related posts: REGULATION OF THE GROWTH HORMONE RECEPTOR…
REGULATION OF THYROID HORMONE ECONOMY Part of “CHAPTER 30 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE, IODINE METABOLISM, BINDING AND TRANSPORT“ Thyroid hormone regulation is directed through the neuroen-docrine–hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid–peripheral tissue axis…
PERIPHERAL METABOLISM OF THYROID HORMONES Part of “CHAPTER 30 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE, IODINE METABOLISM, BINDING AND TRANSPORT“ T4 is metabolized by the sequential removal of iodine atoms….
THYROID HORMONE CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT Part of “CHAPTER 30 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE, IODINE METABOLISM, BINDING AND TRANSPORT“ Approximately 120 nmol of T4, 47 nmol of T3, and…
THYROID HORMONE SYNTHESIS Part of “CHAPTER 30 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE, IODINE METABOLISM, BINDING AND TRANSPORT“ The major synthetic steps regulated by TSH are transport of iodide, organification,…
IODINE METABOLISM Part of “CHAPTER 30 – THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE, IODINE METABOLISM, BINDING AND TRANSPORT“ Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. With four iodines per…
THYROID PHYSIOLOGY: SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE, IODINE METABOLISM, BINDING AND TRANSPORT H. Lester Reed The thyroid hormones, L-3,5,3′,5′-tetraiodothyronine (L-thyroxine [T4]) and, to a much less extent, L-3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (L-triiodothyronine [T3]) are synthesized…
