Design and Conduct of Clinical Trials for Breast Cancer
Abstract The National Institutes of Health (NIH) defines a clinical trial as “a research study in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions…
Quality Measures and Outcomes for Breast Cancer Surgery
Abstract Quality measurement is necessary to identify gaps in health care quality and to assess the effectiveness of quality improvement initiatives. Multiple reports measuring the quality of breast cancer care…
Primary and Secondary Dermatologic Disorders of the Breast
Abstract Numerous dermal diseases, including congenital anomalies, benign and malignant neoplasms, and manifestations of various dermatoses, may involve the skin of the breast. These disorders may involve solely the breast…
Examination Techniques: Roles of the Physician and Patient in Evaluating Breast Disease
Abstract Screening and diagnosis for diseases of the breast involve coordination between patients and their multidisciplinary team of physicians. The roles of patients and physicians in the evaluation of breast…
Therapeutic Strategies for Breast Cancer
Abstract Management of breast cancer has always been informed by our understanding of the biology of this disease. As we moved from descriptive models to biologically grounded models, we began…
Stem Cells in Breast Development and Cancer
Abstract The concept of the stem cell of origin for cancers was first proposed more than 100 years ago. In this theoretical model, certain cells with self-renewal capacity would form…
Mesenchymal Neoplasms and Primary Lymphomas of the Breast
Abstract Breast lymphoma and mesenchymal neoplasms of the breast are rare entities. The large continuum of disease includes fibroepithelial, vascular, lipomatous, neural, myogenic, and osseous neoplasms. In this chapter, we…
Steroid Receptors in Breast Cancer
Abstract The estrogen receptor (ER) is the most important member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that controls the replication or apoptotic death of selected populations of breast cancer cells. The…
Infiltrating Carcinomas of the Breast: Not One Disease
Abstract Traditionally breast cancer has been classified according to morphologic features. Despite emerging era of personalized medicine and availability of molecular testing, the histologic classification remains valuable. Different patterns of…
In Situ Carcinomas of the Breast: Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Lobular Carcinoma in Situ
Abstract Over the past several decades, the widespread adoption of mammographic screening has had a significant impact on the incidence, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of all breast diseases. These changes…
