Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
INTRODUCTION: BACKGROUND/EPIDEMIOLOGY Print Section Listen Metastasis is defined as the spread of malignant cells from a primary tumor to a distant organ. It is estimated that 90% of all cancer…
Local Excision for Stage I Rectal Cancer
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Total mesorectal excision (TME) remains the gold standard in the treatment of patients with early-stage rectal cancer. The reported oncological outcomes of this approach for stage…
Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Biology and Inherited Cancer Syndromes
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is evolving continuously and many important advances have recently led to improved prognosis. Surgery remains an integral component of multidisciplinary…
Recurrent Colorectal Cancer
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Advances in the treatment of primary rectal cancer, including total mesorectal excision (TME) and neoadjuvant chemoradiation, have reduced the local recurrence (LR) rate to approximately 10%…
Colectomy Approaches for Colorectal Cancer
OVERVIEW Print Section Listen Complete surgical resection of a primary non-metastatic colon cancer is the mainstay of treatment and holds the best chance for potential cure. The relative frequency of…
Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer
BACKGROUND AND HISTORY Print Section Listen Although there have been many advances in the treatment of rectal cancer, including improved imaging, chemotherapy agents, and radiation techniques, none has been more…
Adjuvant Therapy and Treatment of Systemic Disease for Colon Cancer
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen In 2014 an estimated 96,830 new cases of colon cancer were diagnosed in the United States alone (National Cancer Institute: http://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal). In developed countries, colon cancer…
Rare GI Tumors
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen In this section we discuss oncologic entities of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract, comprising the appendix, colon, rectum, and anus, which are less frequently encountered in…
Multimodality Treatment of Rectal Cancer
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Rectal and colon adenocarcinoma originate from the same epithelial cell types and share the same histologic features. Unlike the colon, the rectum lacks a peritoneal lining,…
Appendiceal Neoplasms
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen The appendix is a rare site of malignancy, with a large variety of histologic subtypes. Reviews of large series of appendectomies reveal appendiceal neoplasms in nearly…
