Other Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Other Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Historically termed “carcinoid” and “islet cell tumors,” pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) comprise a rare group of tumors that range from the spectrum of well-differentiated functional tumors…

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Cushing’s Syndrome

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Cushing’s Syndrome

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Cushing’s syndrome describes the signs and symptoms associated with prolonged exposure to elevated levels of endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoids. This can be caused by taking glucocorticoid…

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Insulinoma

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Insulinoma

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Insulinomas are relatively rare tumors of the endocrine pancreas that cause debilitating and even life-threatening symptoms. Although insulinomas are rare, with an incidence of approximately 4…

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Non-MEN Thyroid Cancer Syndromes

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Non-MEN Thyroid Cancer Syndromes

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Thyroid malignancies are classified on the basis of the origin of cells into medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), which originates from the parafollicular cells, and nonmedullary thyroid…

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Thyroid Lymphoma

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Thyroid Lymphoma

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Lymphoma, though primarily a neoplasm of leukocytes, can involve extranodal, nonlymphoid tissue including the thyroid. When the thyroid is involved by widely disseminated lymphoma, the surgeon…

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Pheochromocytoma

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Pheochromocytoma

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) arise from chromafin cells originating in the neural crest, and can develop in any location containing sympathetic or parasympathetic tissue. Although…

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Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen It was not until the 19th century that Billroth, Kocher, Halsted, and others refined the thyroidectomy operation into a standard treatment for thyroid cancer with advancements…

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Adrenocortical Cancer

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Adrenocortical Cancer

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but often aggressive endocrine malignancy that may present with symptoms of hormone secretion, as a symptomatic nonfunctional abdominal mass, or…

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Hürthle Cell Carcinoma

Jan 6, 2019 by in ONCOLOGY Comments Off on Hürthle Cell Carcinoma

BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Hürthle cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of well-differentiated thyroid cancer representing 3% to 4% of all thyroid malignancies.1 First described by Max Askanazy in 1898…

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