Fig. 41.1 Schematic representation of analyses of patients’ blood and tissue specimens. Various methods are used to analyze blood, other body fluids, or solid specimens obtained by surgery or biopsy…
Fig. 12.1 Annexin A1-mediated homing of dendritic cells. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is released from cancer cells in response to certain therapeutic approaches including the anthracycline- and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapeutic induction of…
Fig. 32.1 Dose-toxicity and dose-efficacy relationships with immune checkpoint blockers. Contrary to cytotoxic agents (left panel), immune checkpoint blockers (right panel) do not display any linear dose-toxicity or dose-efficacy relationship….
Fig. 37.1 Overview 37.1 The Immune System in the Colon and in Colorectal Cancer The delicate balance between innate and adaptive immune system is of great importance in areas, where…
Fig. 20.1 The ligands for PD-1 are PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-L1 and PD-L2 may also bind to B7.1 and RGMb 20.3 Initial Studies with Single Agent Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors In…
Fig. 29.1 Treg depletion mediated by low-dose chemotherapy and IL-2-/IL-2R-targeting drugs. (a) Low-dose oral metronomic chemotherapeutic agents including cyclophosphamide (CTX), paclitaxel (PTX), and fludarabine (FDB) induce a profound and selective…
Fig. 18.1 Molecular structure of antibodies. Antibodies of the IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgG have two antigen-binding sites. IgA antibodies can be dimeric and IgM are pentameric. Monomeric antibodies have…
Fig. 31.1 Hallmarks of response to immune checkpoint blockade. Identification of predictors of response to immune checkpoint hinges on an understanding of the influence of numerous factors on cancer development…
Fig. 8.1 pDC plasticity. During viral infection and certain autoimmune diseases (Lupus, Psoriasis) pDCs contribute to immune response through TLR-7/9 engagement by viral or endogenous nucleic acid leading to their…
Fig. 33.1 Tissues of the body affected by immune-related adverse events 33.2 Incidence of Immune-Related Adverse Events Among patients receiving ipilimumab, the most commonly reported adverse events include diarrhea, colitis,…
