Hematological Reference Values
The normal range for most hematologic parameters in infancy and childhood is different from that in adults. Dramatic changes occur during the first few weeks of life. The recognition of…
Blood Banking Principles and Practices
Abstract The discipline of Transfusion Medicine (also known as “Blood Banking”) includes: (i) the collection, testing, processing, and preparation of blood and blood components; (ii) the selection of the most…
Psychosocial Aspects of Cancer for Children and Their Families
Abstract Throughout the entire course of care, it is of paramount importance to address the psychosocial and educational needs of patients and their families. The diagnosis and treatment of childhood…
Evaluation, Investigations, and Management of Late Effects of Childhood Cancer
Abstract Since the 1970s, outcomes for childhood cancer have shown remarkable and steady improvements. Five-year overall survival from childhood cancer now exceeds 80% and as many as 1 in 500…
Biological Tumor Markers
Tumor Marker Diagnostic Significance Normal Values HORMONES Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) in serum Choriocarcinoma 5 mIU/ml Hepatoblastoma Catecholamines urinary VMA/HVA Neuroblastoma Appendix 1 , Table A1.34 Plasma and urinary catecholamines…
Supportive Care of Patients with Cancer
Abstract Increasing intensity of chemotherapy has improved pediatric oncology outcomes concomitant with recognition and augmentation of supportive care practices. Prophylaxis and treatment of infection remains the cornerstone of supportive care…
Management of Oncologic Emergencies
Abstract Survival in children with cancer has increased dramatically over the past five decades. This progress is due not only to advances in oncologic therapies, but also to advances in…
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has become an accepted therapeutic modality for the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant disorders. The indications for allogeneic and autologous HSCT are shown. Most…
Hepatic Tumors
Abstract This chapter describes the current diagnosis, staging, and treatment of hepatic tumors. The most common pediatric hepatic tumor is hepatoblastoma. While hepatocarcinomas are usually seen in adults, they do…
Malignant Bone Tumors
Abstract This chapter describes the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, work-up, and management of patients with malignant bone tumors. Keywords Osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma family of tumors, chondrosarcoma, giant cell tumor of bone,…
