Keywords Cancer gene therapy, molecular imaging, systemic gene delivery, tumor targeting, vascular targeting, bacteriophage, adeno-associated virus   Introduction Gene therapy has attracted considerable attention in the past few decades. One…

Keywords Oncolytic virus, molecular imaging, bioluminescence imaging, fluorescence imaging, PET, SPECT   Preclinical Imaging of Viral Gene Expression One important reason for the ongoing and increasing success of oncolytic viruses…

Keywords Lentiviral vector, lentivector, cancer vaccine, gene therapy, immunotherapy, cancer   Introduction The immune system likely evolved to fight off disease caused by infections with foreign pathogens. However, it has…

Keywords Tumor microenvironment, poxvirus, immunotherapy, immune escape   Introduction The underlying hypothesis/strategy of our approach to immunotherapy is that by modulating the tumor microenvironment, we will be able to induce…

Keywords T cell receptor, chimeric antigen receptor, cancer, adoptive immunotherapy, gene therapy   Introduction There are two types of immune responses: humoral immunity and cellular immunity. Humoral immunity is mediated…

Keywords Chemokines, antitumor immunity, immunotherapy, dendritic cells, tumor-infiltrating T cells   Introduction Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized, professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that activate naive T cells and are being…

Keywords Reovirus, chemotherapeutics, radiotherapy, cancer, clinical trials   Introduction The use of viruses in the treatment of cancer resulted from the observation that clinical remission was occasionally seen in patients…