Citation Study population Survival data, selected prognostic factors, comments Altman and Cadman (1986) [30] 1539 cases from a single center (USA), 1922–1981 Median OS 5 months. 56 % of cases…
Fig. 6.1 A 43-year-old male patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN) type 1. On contrast-enhanced MRI a singular mass in the pancreatic head was observed suspicious for a neuroendocrine…
History and physical examination Laboratory tests: CBC, CMP, LDH, urine analysis, PSA in men Computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the chest, abdomen, pelvis Positron emission tomography (PET) scan in selected…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Alwin Krämer and Harald Löffler (eds.)Cancer of Unknown Primary10.1007/978-3-319-22581-4_12 12. Future Directions Alwin Krämer1 and Harald Löffler1 (1) Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University of Heidelberg,…
Fig. 3.1 Hypothetical explanations why there is no primary lesion detectable in CUP. See text for details (Figure adapted from Löffler et al. [4]) The primary tumor is present, but…
Resectable disease(“oligometastatic”) Involvement of one lymph node area only (e.g., inguinal nodes), solitary lesions, resectable liver metastases Cervical node metastases with squamous or undifferentiated histology Strong resemblance to head and…
Fig. 5.1 Diagnostic workup of CUP patients. See text for discussion and further details As stated before, exhaustive diagnostics regardless of expected benefit should be avoided in CUP patients. Indeed,…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Alwin Krämer and Harald Löffler (eds.)Cancer of Unknown Primary10.1007/978-3-319-22581-4_1 1. Introduction Harald Löffler1 and Alwin Krämer1 (1) Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology/Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg,…
Fig. 1 a Time-lapse near-IRfluorescence (NIRF) imaged mice bearing HCT-116 tumors after intravenous injections of IR-780 micelles. b NIRfluorescence intensities and contrast index (CI) values were quantified at the indicated time…
Fig. 1 The stages of breast cancer. Within the normal mammary duct and TDLU, an inner layer of luminal epithelial cells and a basal layer of myoepithelial cells are surrounded by…
