Fig. 6.1 Histologic grading of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) It should be noted that while interobservor variability in the classification of DCIS has improved significantly since the adoption of the…
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Ashraf Khan, Ian O. Ellis, Andrew M. Hanby, Ediz F. Cosar, Emad A. Rakha and Dina Kandil (eds.)Precision Molecular Pathology of Breast CancerMolecular Pathology Library1010.1007/978-1-4939-2886-6_19 19. Specimens for Molecular Testing in Breast Cancer…
48. Uniewicz KA, Fernig DG. Neuropilins: a versatile partner of extracellular molecules that regulate development and disease. Front Biosci J Virtual Libr. 2008;13:4339–60. 49. Soker S, Takashima S, Miao HQ,…
8. Voon PJ, Yap HL, Ma CY, Lu F, Wong AL, Sapari NS, Soong R, Soh TI, Goh BC, Lee HS, Lee SC. Correlation of aldo-ketoreductase (AKR) 1C3 genetic variant…
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Ashraf Khan, Ian O. Ellis, Andrew M. Hanby, Ediz F. Cosar, Emad A. Rakha and Dina Kandil (eds.)Precision Molecular Pathology of Breast CancerMolecular Pathology Library1010.1007/978-1-4939-2886-6_16 16. Molecular Pathology of Breast Cancer Metastasis Mohammed A. Aleskandarany1,…
Fig. 8.1 Immunohistochemical staining of estrogen receptor showing granular/punctate brown nuclear staining in consistent with false positive pattern [55] Predictive Value of Hormone Receptor Expression in Breast Cancer A factor is…
Fig. 14.1 Schematic representation biphasic progression of fibroepithelial tumors PT is further classified into benign, borderline and malignant categories. Due to some overlapping histologic features, differentiation of FA and benign PT…
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015Ashraf Khan, Ian O. Ellis, Andrew M. Hanby, Ediz F. Cosar, Emad A. Rakha and Dina Kandil (eds.)Precision Molecular Pathology of Breast CancerMolecular Pathology Library1010.1007/978-1-4939-2886-6_10 10. Molecular Classification of Breast Cancer Mohammed A. Aleskandarany1, Ian O. Ellis1…
Gene Name Location Function TP53 Tumor protein 53 17p13.1 Tumor suppressor PIK3CA phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase 3q26.32 Cell growth, division and survival AKT1 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 14q32.32 Cell…
Fig. 3.1 H&E section from a mixed culture of fibroblast, breast epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells grown in a 3D collagen 1 matrix. Note particularly the organisation of clear myoepithelial cells…
