Darius S. Francescatti and Melvin J. Silverstein (eds.)Breast Cancer2014A New Era in Management10.1007/978-1-4614-8063-1_16© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 16. The Surgical Management of Invasive Breast Cancer Beth C. Freedman1, Alyssa Gillego2 and Susan K. Boolbol3 (1) Department of Breast…
Trial Year Disease N Treatment Complete ablation Complications Jeffrey et al. [15] 1999 T3–T4 breast cancer or tumors >5 cm 5 Intraoperative RFA—mastectomy 80 % None Izzo et al. [16]…
Fig. 7.1 (a) First stereotactic table imported into the United States in 1985. (b) The module on which the biopsy needle was positioned and manually operated. (c) Stereotactic breast biopsy…
Fig. 12.1 Anatomic location of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes: CCA can be classified as being intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) or extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), based on the location of the tumor. ECC is divided…
Risk factors Relative risk (-fold) Age (≥65 years) >4.0 Genetic factors: BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 >4.0 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) 7.0–11.0 Family history One first-degree relative 2.0 Two first-degree relatives…
Ovarian Simple cyst Corpus luteum Follicular cyst Benign serous Benign mucinous Complex Endometrioma Dermoid Malignant ovarian tumor Malignant metastatic tumor Malignant tumors Epithelial Germ cell Sex cord Extraovarian Ectopic pregnancy…
Primary tumor (T) TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumor T1 Tumor ≤5 cm in greatest dimension* T1a Superficial tumor T1b Deep tumor T2 Tumor…
Fig. 13.1 Proposed progression model for pancreatic cancer. The majority of pancreatic cancer is believed to involve telomere shortening and mutations of the oncogene KRAS occurring in early stages, followed…
Primary tumor (T)* TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumor Tis High-grade dysplasia** T1 Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa T1a Tumor invades…
