Influenza, H5N1 Contact Precautions Droplet Precautions Airborne Precautions Influenza H5N1, also known as avian influenza (flu), mainly infects birds but is also of concern to humans, who have no immunity…

Influenza, H1N1 Contact Precautions Droplet Precautions Influenza H1N1 is a highly contagious respiratory disease in pigs that is caused by one of several swine influenza (flu) type A viruses. Transmission…

Impetigo, Bullous Contact Precautions Impetigo (impetigo contagiosa) is a vesiculopustular eruptive disorder that spreads most easily among infants, young children, and elderly people. It appears most commonly on the face…

Human Papillomavirus Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of more than 100 strains of viruses that cause epithelial tumors of the skin and mucous membranes. There are three types of…

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection A retrovirus—human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1—is the primary causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The natural history of AIDS begins with infection by the…

Histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. This disease may also be called Ohio Valley, Central Mississippi Valley, Appalachian Mountain, or Darling’s disease. In the United States,…

Herpes Zoster Airborne Precautions Contact Precautions Herpes zoster (also called shingles) is an acute unilateral and segmental inflammation of the dorsal root ganglia caused by infection with the herpes varicella-zoster…

Herpes Simplex Contact Precautions Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a recurrent viral infection. HSV type I (HSV-1), which is transmitted by oral and respiratory secretions, affects the skin and mucous…

Hepatitis Contact Precautions Viral hepatitis is a fairly common systemic disease. It is marked by hepatic cell destruction, necrosis, and autolysis leading to anorexia, jaundice, and hepatomegaly. In most patients,…

Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Failure Syndrome Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome (HFRS) is a group of clinically similar illnesses found throughout the world. It is caused by a hantavirus,…