Roseola Infantum Roseola infantum, also known as exanthema subitum or sixth disease, is an acute, benign viral infection that usually affects infants and young children ages 6 months to 2…

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a febrile, rash-producing illness caused by the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii. The disease is transmitted to humans by a tick bite….

Rhinovirus Infection Droplet Precautions Contact Precautions Rhinovirus, otherwise known as the common cold, is an acute, usually afebrile, viral infection that causes inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. It’s the…

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Contact Precautions Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection results from a subgroup of myxoviruses that resemble paramyxovirus. In infants and children, RSV is the leading cause of…

Recreational Water Illness Recreational water illnesses (RWIs) are a group of illnesses that occur secondary to swallowing, breathing, or being exposed to contaminated water from areas where water is enjoyed,…

Rabies Contact Precautions Rabies, also known as hydrophobia, is an acute viral infection of the central nervous system (CNS) that’s transmitted by the saliva of an infected animal (especially wild…

Pyelonephritis Pyelonephritis, inflammation of the kidney, may be acute or chronic. Acute pyelonephritis (or acute infective tubulointerstitial nephritis) is a sudden inflammation caused by bacteria that primarily affects either the…

Psittacosis Psittacosis (also called ornithosis or parrot fever) is caused by the gram-negative intracellular parasite Chlamydia psittaci and is transmitted by infected birds. This disease occurs worldwide and is mainly…