Central Nervous System Tumors
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors comprise 15% to 20% of all malignancies occurring in childhood and adolescence. They may present in a myriad of ways, often delaying diagnosis. Symptoms and…
HEMATOLOGY
Neuroblastoma: Biology, Prognosis, and Treatment
Neuroblastoma, a neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system, is the second most common extracranial malignant tumor of childhood and the most common solid tumor of infancy. Neuroblastoma is a heterogeneous…
Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of leukemias that result from clonal transformation of hematopoietic precursors through the acquisition of chromosomal rearrangements and multiple gene mutations. As a…
Biology and Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common type of cancer in children, is a heterogeneous disease in which many genetic lesions result in the development of multiple biologic subtypes. Today,…
Patient Selection for Transplantation in the Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the only known curative procedure for the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Because the median age at diagnosis for MDS is in the late seventh decade…
Prognostic Classification and Risk Assessment in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
The clinical heterogeneity of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is best illustrated by the observation that these disorders range from indolent conditions with a near-normal life expectancy to forms approaching acute myeloid…
Myelodysplastic Syndromes Classification and Risk Stratification
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are spectrum of bone marrow failure disorders that share a common pathologic feature: cytologic dysplasia. The classification of MDS reflects the understanding of the disease. It is…
Novel Therapies for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Preliminary therapeutic successes have prompted a new wave of clinical trials enrolling patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), using compounds with a broad range of potential mechanisms of action. This article…
Lenalidomide for Treatment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Current Status and Future Directions
Lenalidomide was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of transfusion-dependent lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients with deletion (del) (5q) alone or with additional karyotype abnormalities. The…
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for MDS
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers potentially curative therapy for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, as the majority of patients with MDS are in the seventh or eighth decade…
