Central Nervous System Infections
Fig. 13.1 Algorithm to diagnose and to treat empirically/preemptively CNS infections in hematology patients Lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis should follow the algorithm in Fig. 13.1 and are…
HEMATOLOGY
Pulmonary Complications
Fig. 10.1 Diagnostic procedures and treatment of neutropenic patients with fever and suspected or proven lung infiltrates. CT computed tomography, BAL bronchoalveolar lavage. Dotted lines indicate exceptions from recommended procedure…
Myeloid Growth Factors
Tumor FN-Risk (%) Regimen Breast cancer >20 AC docetaxel, doxorubicin/docetaxel, doxorubicin/paclitaxel, TAC 10–20 AC, EC, docetaxel, FE120C (q4 weeks), CEF <10 CMF Colon cancer 10–20 5-FU/folinic acid FOLFIRI (5-FU/folinic acid/irinotecan)…
The Diagnostic Approach to the Febrile Neutropenic Patient: Clinical Considerations
Patient-related factors Advanced age (≥65 years) increases risk [26, 28, 108] Performance status ECOG ≥2 increases risk [66, 109] Nutritional status Low serum albumin <35 g/l is associated with increased…
Risk Stratification in Febrile Neutropenic Patients
Hypotension (defined as systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg or the need for pressor support to maintain blood pressure) Respiratory failure (defined as arterial oxygen pressure less than 60 mmHg while…
Gastrointestinal Complications
Early onset <28 days Management GI mucositis Chemotherapy/irradiation complicated by OVS or CoNS bacteraemia Pain killers (morphine) and antibiotics Oesophagitis Chemotherapy Antacids Herpes simplex Antiviral prophylaxis Candida spp. Antifungal…
Antifungal Agents
Fig. 15.1 Targets of systemic antifungal agents Clinical outcomes in susceptible isolates are best predicted by the peak serum level to MIC ratio. Serum drug levels are infrequently measured and…
Infections After High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Risk factor for infection Risk category Low High 1. Pretransplant General condition including organ function Performance status Good Poor Renal failure No Yes Diabetes mellitus No Yes Iron stores…
Vascular Catheter-Related Infections
Microorganism Management Coagulase-negative staphylococci Catheter can be removed or retained If removed, systemic antibiotics should be administered for 5–7 days If catheter is retained, treat with a systemic antibiotic and…
Infections in Patients with Acute Leukemia
Fig. 1.1 Nature of febrile episodes in neutropenic patients 1.4 Microbiologically Documented Infections Microbiologically documented infections also account for 25–30 % of febrile episodes in neutropenic patients (Fig. 1.1). The…
