Influence of Ovarian Hormones on Skeletal Muscle Contractility
Fig. 1.1 Forest plot of effect sizes from 23 publications between 1987 and 2007 that reported muscle strength in postmenopausal women who were and were not on an estrogen-based hormone…
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Diet and Exercise Are Potent Modulators of Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Recommended Ineffective or harmful Uncertain effect EPA and DHA from oily fish or fish-oil supplements Hormone therapy and selective estrogen receptor modulators (including soy isoflavones) Vitamin D Plant stanols and…
Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Osteoporosis
Fig. 4.1 Changes in lumbar spine BMD from baseline diagnosis of PHPT to before surgery 6 years later A discussion of treatment options included parathyroidectomy versus observation, and the patient…
Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Children and Adolescents
MEN 1 MEN 2a NSHPT/FHH HPT-JT FIHP Clinical features PHPT Pancreatic/duodenal tumors Pituitary tumors (functioning and nonfunctioning) Skin findings (angiofibromas, collagenomas) PHPT Medullary thyroid carcinoma Pheochromocytoma PHPT Severe hypercalcemia…
Parathyroid Surgery in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Fig. 9.1 Nuclear medicine parathyroid single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealing increased sestamibi uptake in the inferior thyroid lobes bilaterally (arrows) Assessment and Diagnosis The classical medical mnemonic of the…
Primary Hyperparathyroidism Due to Parathyromatosis
Fig. 11.1 Parathyroid subtraction imaging showing uptake in the pretracheal region Fig. 11.2 SPECT sestamibi parathyroid imaging showing multiple pretracheal nodules Fig. 11.3 Neck ultrasound demonstrating multiple subcutaneous nodules ranging…
Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma
Analyte Results Reference range Calcium 10.5 8.9–10.1 mg/dL Parathyroid hormone (PTH) 68 15–65 pg/mL Creatinine 0.8 0.6–1.1 mg/dL 25-hydroxyvitamin D 31 20–50 ng/mL 24-h urine calcium excretion 439 25–300 mg/24…
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Fig. 20.1 Intraoperative parathyroid hormone levels after sequential resection of hyperplastic right inferior and left inferior parathyroid glands to treat tertiary hyperparathyroidism in a patient with pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib Outcome…
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
© Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research 2016Ann E. Kearns and Robert A. Wermers (eds.)Hyperparathyroidism10.1007/978-3-319-25880-5_19 19. Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Nishanth Vallumsetla1 , Manpreet S. Mundi1 and Kurt A. Kennel1 (1) Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine,…
Severe Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Fig. 2.1 (Left) X-ray of left femur showing subtrochanteric fracture and lytic lesion. (Right) X-ray of left distal femur showing lucent lesions (arrows) Her hypercalcemia was treated with aggressive intravenous…
