Developmental stage Gestational weeks Thyroid gland organogenesis Pre-colloid 7–13 Colloid 13–14 Follicular >14 TRH in hypothalamus 10–12 TSH in anterior pituitary gland and circulation 10–12 TSH receptor in thyroid gland…
Fig. 10.1 The main clinical characteristics of the patients with TH action defects, RTHα or RTHß. ADHD attention-deficit, hyperactivity disorder 10.2.1.1 Goiter Diffuse or multinodular goiter is a common finding…
Country and period of observation Incidence of CH TSH cutoff (mU/L) Re-sampling strategy for at risk categories of neonates Country and period of observation Incidence of CH TSH cutoff (mU/L)…
Condition Additional phenotype Thyroid involvement Genetics Cowden OMIM #158350 [44] (PTEN – hamartoma tumor syndrome spectrum), benign and malignant tumors of uterus, breast, bowel Thyroid nodules of follicular type within…
Fig. 13.1 The scheme shows the mechanisms which concur in the stimulation of maternal thyroid function during a normal pregnancy (Modified from Ref. [7]) 13.1.3 Iodine Requirements Although with some…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015Gianni Bona, Filippo De Luca and Alice Monzani (eds.)Thyroid Diseases in Childhood10.1007/978-3-319-19213-0_12 12. Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children with Congenital Hypothyroidism Mariacarolina Salerno1 , Lucia De Martino1 and Manuela Cerbone1 (1) Pediatric Section- Department of Translational Medical…
Figure. 15.1 Exposure of the infrapancreatic superior mesenteric vein (SMV). The lesser sac is opened widely by elevating the omentum off the transverse colon and reflecting it cephalad with the…
Figure 12.1 Patient positioning for a laparoscopic right adrenalectomy Figure 12.2 (a) Trocar sites for laparoscopic right adrenalectomy. (b) Placement of trocar sites to facilitate dissection of a large tumor…
Figure 20.1 Radiofrequency ablation (RFA). (a) Probe being advanced into the lesion, usually under ultrasound guidance. (b) Deploying the tines to the just beyond the edges of the lesion. (c)…
Figure 3.1 Placement of a collar skin incision 3 cm above the sternal notch is often the preferred position for subtotal parathyroidectomy in an elderly person, as this will leave…
