Meningoencephalitis, Primary Amebic Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is an acute, fulminant, and rapidly fatal infection involving the central nervous system. It is caused by the parasite Naegleria fowleri, a free-living…
Meningitis Droplet Precautions Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges (dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater). It can be acute, with symptoms occurring in hours to days, or chronic, with…
Melioidosis Also known as Whitmore disease, melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei bacteria, which thrive in tropical climates. It is considered a potential biological warfare agent in the aerosolized form…
Marburg Virus Infection Droplet Precautions Contact Precautions Marburg virus causes severe hemorrhagic fever: In a 1967 outbreak in Marburg, Germany, mortality rates reached 23%. Hemorrhagic fevers caused by Ebola and…
Lymphangitis The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels, glands, and organs and functions as part of the immune system. The lymphatic system is also responsible for transporting fluids,…
Lyme Disease A multisystemic disorder, Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, which is carried by Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes pacificus, and other ticks in the Ixodidae family. The…
Listeriosis Listeriosis is an infection caused by the weakly hemolytic, gram-positive bacillus Listeria monocytogenes, which has been found in soil, wood, and decaying plant matter in the natural environment. The…
Leptospirosis Contact Precautions Leptospirosis is caused by Leptospira spirochetes and is considered the most common zoonosis in the world. The disease usually involves an acute phase with severe illness, followed…
