GENE AMPLIFICATION BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION Part of “CHAPTER 2 – MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: PRESENT AND FUTURE“ The development of the polymerase chain reaction PCR, a technique for the rapid amplification…
GENOMIC LIBRARIES AND GENE ISOLATION Part of “CHAPTER 2 – MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: PRESENT AND FUTURE“ Southern Blots and Hybridization Screening. The techniques used in the cloning of genomic DNA are…
CLONING OF GENES Part of “CHAPTER 2 – MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: PRESENT AND FUTURE“ Complementary DNA Libraries. The cloning of a particular expressed gene begins with the preparation and cloning of…
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: PRESENT AND FUTURE Mehboob A. Hussain Joel F. Habener The beginnings of molecular biology as a distinct discipline occurred in the late 1940s and early 1950s with the…
CONCLUSION Part of “CHAPTER 1 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT“ The complexity of the endocrine system presents a profound intellectual challenge. The macrosystem of endocrine glands secretes its hormones…
THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT Part of “CHAPTER 1 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT“ FREQUENCY OF ENDOCRINE DISORDERS In a survey of the subspecialty problems seen by endocrinologists, the six most…
NORMAL AND ABNORMAL EXPRESSION OR MODULATION OF THE HORMONAL MESSAGE AND ITS METABOLIC EFFECT Part of “CHAPTER 1 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT“ A sophisticated and faultless machinery is…
GENETICS AND ENDOCRINOLOGY Part of “CHAPTER 1 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT“ The rapid application of new discoveries and new techniques in genetics has revolutionized medicine, including the field…
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM INTERACTION WITH ALL BODY SYSTEMS Part of “CHAPTER 1 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT“ Although speaking in terms of the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems is…
TYRANNY OF HORMONE TERMINOLOGY Part of “CHAPTER 1 – ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT“ Hormones usually are named at the time of their discovery. Sometimes, the names are based on…
