Oncohema Key

INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURESIS AND OTHER HYPOOSMOLAR STATES Joseph G. Verbalis FREQUENCY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF HYPOOSMOLALITY DEFINITION OF HYPOOSMOLALITY

HYPEROSMOLAR SYNDROMES Part of “CHAPTER 26 – DIABETES INSIPIDUS AND HYPEROSMOLAR SYNDROMES“ Hyperosmolar or hypernatremic syndromes may be defined as plasma osmolality levels and sodium concentrations of >300 mOsm/kg and…

DIABETES INSIPIDUS Part of “CHAPTER 26 – DIABETES INSIPIDUS AND HYPEROSMOLAR SYNDROMES“ ETIOLOGY In theory, any of a series of defects in the vasopressin neurosecretory process can be implicated as…

DEFINITIONS Part of “CHAPTER 26 – DIABETES INSIPIDUS AND HYPEROSMOLAR SYNDROMES“ Diabetes insipidus refers to the passage of copious volumes of dilute urine and is synonymous with polyuria. In adults,…

DIABETES INSIPIDUS AND HYPEROSMOLAR SYNDROMES Peter H. Baylis Christopher J. Thompson Blood osmolality in healthy persons is maintained within narrow limits by a series of mechanisms that are described in…

WATER HOMEOSTASIS Part of “CHAPTER 25 – PHYSIOLOGY OF VASOPRESSIN, OXYTOCIN, AND THIRST“ VOLUME, COMPOSITION, DISTRIBUTION, AND BALANCE Water is by far the largest constituent of the human body. In…

THIRST MECHANISM Part of “CHAPTER 25 – PHYSIOLOGY OF VASOPRESSIN, OXYTOCIN, AND THIRST“ The thirst mechanism provides an indispensable adjunct to the antidiuretic control of water balance in humans (see…

PHYSIOLOGY OF VASOPRESSIN, OXYTOCIN, AND THIRST Gary L. Robertson ANATOMY OF THE NEUROHYPOPHYSIS CHEMISTRY

BIOLOGIC ACTIONS Part of “CHAPTER 25 – PHYSIOLOGY OF VASOPRESSIN, OXYTOCIN, AND THIRST“ VASOPRESSIN RENAL ACTION The most important action of vasopressin is to conserve body water by reducing the…

DISTRIBUTION AND CLEARANCE OF VASOPRESSIN AND OXYTOCIN Part of “CHAPTER 25 – PHYSIOLOGY OF VASOPRESSIN, OXYTOCIN, AND THIRST“ In healthy adults, vasopressin and oxytocin distribute rapidly into a space roughly…