A higher incidence of paraganglioma or pheochromocytoma (PPGL) has been reported in people living at high altitudes, indicating that environmental hypoxia could be a risk factor for development of PPGL….
There is no cure for metastatic pheochromocytoma or metastatic paraganglioma (PPGL). The first step in the management of metastatic PPGL is to assess the rate of tumor progression and, once…
There is no cure for metastatic paraganglioma (PGL). The first step in the management ofmetastatic PGL is to assess the rate of tumorprogression and, once determined, provide a proportionate treatment….
Carney triad (described in 1977) is a rare, nonfamilial, multitumoral syndrome, with three tumors in the initial description: gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), pulmonary chondroma, and extraadrenal paraganglioma (PGL). , Subsequently,…
There is no cure for metastatic pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (PPGL). The first step in the management of metastatic PPGL is to assess the rate of tumor progression and, once determined,…
There is no cure for metastatic pheochromocytoma or metastatic paraganglioma (PPGL). The first step in the management of metastatic PPGL is to assess the rate of tumor progression and, once…
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) is an autosomal dominant disorder with age-related penetrance, and it represents approximately 5% of all MEN2 cases. MEN2B is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma…
Catecholamine-secreting tumors (pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma [PPGL]) can be found in the midline from the inner ear to the scrotum. However, most (≈85%) are located in the adrenal glands and 95%…
Paragangliomas (PGLs) arise from paraganglia in the parasympathetic and sympathetic chains, which track along large blood vessels. PGLs can be found from the skull base and inner ear to the…
As pheochromocytomas enlarge, they develop areas of hemorrhagic necrosis. Most pheochromocytomas >4 cm in diameter have some cystic component that is evident on computed cross-sectional imaging. Some pheochromocytomas become progressively…
