Why is My Patient Neutropenic?
Neutropenia is a common reason for hematology consultations in the inpatient and outpatient settings and is defined as an absolute neutrophil count less than 1500 cells/μL. Neutropenia varies in severity,…
Why is My Patient Anemic?
Anemia is a decreased number of circulating red blood cells and is a common medical condition faced in clinical practice. Anemia is caused by loss of red blood cells, destruction…
Role of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Lymphomas and Multiple Myeloma
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACI) have allowed pharmacologic manipulation of deregulated genes in cancer cells and have shown single-agent activity against T cell lymphomas, cutaneous T cell lymphomas, mantle cell lymphomas,…
The Antifolates
This article focuses on the cellular, biochemical, and molecular pharmacology of antifolates and how a basic understanding of the mechanism of action of methotrexate, its cytotoxic determinants, mechanisms of resistance,…
Poly(Adenosine Diphosphate–Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment
Recently, the development of poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as a synthetic lethality approach has brought a major breakthrough in the treatment of breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA)-mutant cancers. Because…
Antimitotic Inhibitors
Of the agents available in the treatment of both solid and hematologic cancers, microtubule-targeted agents are among the most widely used and exploiting other mechanisms involving the microtubule and its…
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancer
Identification of driver mutations in growth related protein kinases, especially tyrosine kinases, has led to clinical development of an array of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in various malignancies, including lung cancer….
Targeting the Hedgehog Pathway
The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is a signaling cascade that is evolutionally highly conserved and plays an important role in embryonic pattern formation and stem cell response to tissue damage. Given…
Targeting Angiogenesis in Gynecologic Cancers
Gynecologic malignancies carry an estimated incidence of 83,750 cases per year and estimated mortality rate of more than 27,000 women per year. New therapies and therapeutic approaches are needed to…
Targeting the Insulin Growth Factor Receptor 1
The IGF axis is a tightly controlled endocrine system that regulates cell growth and development, known to have an important function in cancer biology. IGF1 and IGF2 can promote cancer…
