INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Diagnosis and therapy of cancers of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) tend to be accompanied by some unique and specific challenges. Some of these result from the…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Generally, cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction carries with it a poor prognosis. The expected 5-year survival with esophageal cancer is 40%, 21%, and 4%,…
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen The majority of esophageal carcinomas are represented by two histologies: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant histological type in…
OVERVIEW Print Section Listen The incidence of esophageal carcinoma in the Western world has increased more than 600% since the 1970s, mainly due to the rising incidence of adenocarcinoma.1 Therapeutic…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The upper gastrointestinal (UGI) system, as addressed within this chapter, is comprised of the esophagus, the stomach, and the small intestine. Anatomically, the cervical esophagus is…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Esophageal resection (esophagectomy) has been a standard surgical treatment option for any resectable esophageal cancer. Esophagectomy is one of the most complex, invasive procedures in the…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Multimodality approaches including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are essential for the treatment of advanced esophageal carcinoma.1,2 Surgery has been used for locoregional control and has played…
HISTORY Print Section Listen The beginning of breast conserving therapy (BCT) coincides with the early days of clinical radiotherapy. Geoffrey Keynes, a London surgeon, practiced breast conserving surgery combined with…
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen As our understanding of the biology of breast cancer evolves, we recognize that there are many different types of histologically distinct cancers. Breast cancer is ahead…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen In 2000, the era of genomic medicine in breast cancer was introduced when Perou et al1 identified the “molecular portraits” of breast cancer. By analyzing the…
