Introduction Peripheral somatic and autonomic neuropathy are major risk factors predicting future mortality in diabetes . Therefore prevention and treatment of neuropathy are important not only in reducing the patient…
Epidemiology and historical trials in diabetic polyneuropathy Diabetic neuropathy is the most common cause of distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP) worldwide . It generates the most morbidity and is linked to…
Introduction Diabetic foot disease (DFD) is a major global burden for patients and health care systems and is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus . It encompasses…
Introduction “Insulin neuritis” is a historical term for acute painful neuropathy related to the initiation of insulin treatment and the subsequent improvement in glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Caravati…
Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disorder. Nearly half a billion people are living with diabetes worldwide. International Diabetes Federation estimated that over four million people aged 20–79 years…
Introduction Opioid use disorder (OUD) can lead to injection drug use, which is an important risk factor for blood-borne viruses such as HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), among other…
HIV prevention in people who inject drugs According to the CDC, 9% of incident HIV cases in the United States are directly attributable to injection drug use [ ]. Among…
Introduction All societies that have had access to psychoactive drugs have used them. There are multiple positive aspects of psychoactive drug use, from creating positive mood states, to stress and…
Infectious disease (ID) physicians have long treated the common complications of opioid use disorder (OUD) and injection drug use. Such complications encountered in patients with OUD include HIV, viral hepatitis…
Introduction Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects over 240 million individuals worldwide [ ]. Detection of the disease is dependent on active surveillance and testing by healthcare providers. Due…
