1 Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, and it confers a two-to-fourfold increase in the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and…
1 Introduction Diabetes and its complications have risen significantly (both prevalence and incidence rates) over the last 2 decades, making them a serious public health and economic burden globally […
Funding This work was funded by Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Miguel Servet Type 2 contract (CPII18/00004 to J.J.), FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa.”…
1 Introduction The prevalence of diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has increased globally and is expected to continue rising, projected to effect up to 8.6% of the world…
Biopsy Techniques Key Points • Biopsy of suspicious breast lesions is necessary prior to considering operation. Historical Context Historically, biopsy of suspicious breast lesions required surgical excision. Lesions were sampled…
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Recent improvements in healthcare, including earlier detection and effective treatment strategies, have significantly improved survival rates. With more than 3.8…
Introduction As the reader will see in this chapter, systemic treatment for all stages of breast cancer is complex and rapidly changing. There are many “approved” therapies that can be…
In the United States, one in eight women (13%) will develop invasive breast cancer during her lifetime. In 2021, it was estimated that 281,550 new cases of invasive breast cancer…
There will be continual evolution of the management of breast cancer. All fields of medicine that touch patients who have or will develop breast cancer have changed and will continue…
A breast cancer diagnosis can sometimes lead to financial hardship. The National Cancer Institute recognizes financial hardship, also known as financial distress or financial toxicity, as the negative impact of…
