Fig. 29.1 Treg depletion mediated by low-dose chemotherapy and IL-2-/IL-2R-targeting drugs. (a) Low-dose oral metronomic chemotherapeutic agents including cyclophosphamide (CTX), paclitaxel (PTX), and fludarabine (FDB) induce a profound and selective…
Fig. 18.1 Molecular structure of antibodies. Antibodies of the IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgG have two antigen-binding sites. IgA antibodies can be dimeric and IgM are pentameric. Monomeric antibodies have…
Fig. 31.1 Hallmarks of response to immune checkpoint blockade. Identification of predictors of response to immune checkpoint hinges on an understanding of the influence of numerous factors on cancer development…
Fig. 8.1 pDC plasticity. During viral infection and certain autoimmune diseases (Lupus, Psoriasis) pDCs contribute to immune response through TLR-7/9 engagement by viral or endogenous nucleic acid leading to their…
Fig. 33.1 Tissues of the body affected by immune-related adverse events 33.2 Incidence of Immune-Related Adverse Events Among patients receiving ipilimumab, the most commonly reported adverse events include diarrhea, colitis,…
Fig. 40.1 Definition and assessment of T cell functional avidity and TCR-pMHC binding affinity/avidity. (a) T cell functional avidity is a biological readout that reflects T cell responsiveness upon antigen-specific…
Antigen Antigen class Phase Comment Alpha fetoprotein (αFP) Differentiation Preclinical Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Differentiation Ph1 Terminated—poor accrual Glycoprotein 100 (Gp100) Differentiation Ph2 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen Viral antigen Ph1 …
Fig. 24.1 Mechanism of action of oncolytic viruses: selective replication in cancer cells, tumor lysis, release of virus, and spread within cancer tissue (Reproduced from Kirn D et al. (2001)…
Fig. 15.1 Global incidence of pathogen-induced human malignancies in 2012 [96] Fig. 15.2 Number of new HPV-associated cancers in 2009 [3] Exposure to HPV occurs with sexual debut and is…
Fig. 9.1 The ILC family members and their putative role in cancer. The ILC family comprises killer blood-circulating ILCs and helper-like tissue-resident ILCs. ILCs are further divided into three groups…
