Hormones Anti-androgens (Prostate Cancer) Gonadotrophin releasing hormone Oestrogenic Agonists (diethylstilbestrol) Anabolic steroids Anti-ulcer therapy Histamine 2 receptor blockers (cimetidine) Proton pump inhibitors (omeprazole, esomeprazole) Cardiac agents Calcium channel blockers (verapamil,…
Fig. 24.1 Ultrasound of a one-month-old with antenatally diagnosed ovarian cyst, demonstrating layering of debris within a large thin walled cyst suggesting previous ovarian torsion. (Courtesy of Dr. Alistair Calder, Great…
Fig. 33.1 a and b Suprasellar craniopharyngioma (sagittal and axial projections) demonstrating the common appearance of this lesion with solid and cystic components. CT imaging (not shown here) commonly demonstrates peripheral…
Fig. 7.1 Adrenal embryology—origins of the cortex and medulla left half of a cross section of the embryo. Adrenal cortex originates as a mesothelial proliferation between the root of the dorsal…
Fig. 21.1 Intra-vaginal torsion Fig. 21.2 Extra-vaginal torsion The intra-vaginal pattern has been traditionally ascribed to a predisposing anatomical variant termed the “bellclapper” deformity, shown in Fig. 21.3a, b. However, whilst the concept…
Syndrome Gene (chromosome)a Clinical manifestations % with PHEO % PHEO bilateral References von Hippel Lindaub VHL (3p25-p26) PHEO, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, retinal angiomas, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, pancreatic NETs in…
Fig. 25.1 Bimodal age distribution of ovarian torsion Bilateral ovarian torsion is uncommon and can occur with or without associated underlying adnexal pathology. For example, in one large series of 76…
Fig. 14.1 Human islet isolation. a Human islet isolation occurs in a specialized laboratory. b The pancreatic duct is cannulated after the pancreas is trimmed. c The sectioned pancreas is loaded…
ATA risk level RET mutation codon(s) MEN2 subtype Prophylactic thyroidectomy Screening for PHEO Screening for PHPT A 649, 768, 790, 791, 804, 891 FMTC When calcitonin rises/5–10 years age Start at…
Fig. 5.1 Development of Parathyroid Glands. Superior parathyroid glands originate from fourth pharyngeal pouch and are designated as P-IVs. Their migration path is shorter and final position more reliable than inferior…
