Figure 10.1 Incisions for appropriate access for major adrenal excision. (a) A long midline incision or a bilateral or unilateral subcostal incision is preferred for simple or bilateral tumors. (b)…
Figure 21.1 Orientation of incisions of the lower extremity (a), upper extremity (b), and trunk (c) Figure 21.2 (a) Excision of skin and subcutaneous tissue in an ellipse 2 cm…
Figure 9.1 Levels of the central (a) and lateral (b) neck Figure 9.2 Rates of metastasis are highest to levels IIa to Vb, with disease less common at levels I,…
Figure 14.1 Duodenal NET identified incidentally during endoscopy. Note the tumor originates in the submucosa and is seen as a small mass within the duodenal wall 14.1.2 Surgery Patients who…
Figure 5.1 Sestamibi scan showing persistent uptake of the radionuclide by an intrathoracic parathyroid adenoma (arrow) Figure 5.2 CT scan confirming the presence of a parathyroid adenoma in the mediastinum…
Figure 6.1 The incision may be placed just below the cricoid cartilage, conforming to the skin crease. If the patient is likely to require neck dissection, a higher incision on…
Figure 8.1 The upper pole is prepared and resected with ligation of the superior thyroid artery and vein Figure 8.2 The superior parathyroid gland and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN)…
Figure 2.1 Preoperative imaging in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism. (a) High-resolution ultrasound identified a likely parathyroid adenoma between the left thyroid lobe and the left carotid artery. (b) Planar…
Figure 4.1 The parathyroid gland is grasped along its long axis (shown here with DeBakey forceps) and, using a scalpel with a #10 Bard Parker blade, whole tissue discs approximately…
Fig. 2.1 Morphology of cell deaths (Grasso et al. 2012) The molecular and genetic basis of apoptosis has been extensively explored. Defining programmed cell death by biochemical processes rather than…
