© Springer Japan KK 2017Mototsugu Oya (ed.)Renal Cell Carcinoma10.1007/978-4-431-55531-5_15 15. Refractory Mechanisms Mototsugu Oya1 , Toshiaki Shinojima1 and Ryuichi Mizuno1 (1) Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan Mototsugu Oya Email:…
Author Study design Setting Population Treatment line Patients, n Patients with NCCRCC, n NCCRCC histologies Targeted agent Ratain et al. [5] 2 Metastatic RCC 2nd 152 15 PRCC Sorafenib Stadler…
Characteristic Temsirolimus Everolimus Study population Treatment-naive patients with poor-risk disease Patients who had progressed on prior sunitinib and/or sorafenib Number of patients 626 410 Randomization Temsirolimus vs. temsirolimus/IFN-α vs. IFN-α…
Treatment Number of patients Line of treatment ORR (%) PFS (months) OS (months) Sorafenib vs. placebo [13, 14] 903 Second line 10 vs. 2 5.5 vs. 2.8 (p < 0.01) 17.8 vs….
Similar trial and Inclusion criteria Agents Number of patients Months (95 % IC) Number of patients Months (95 % IC) Patients receiving first-line TT mOS from patients in IMDC PFS from patients…
System Variables 1 pt 2 pts 3 pts RENAL Radius (maximal diameter) R ≤ 4 cm 4 < R ≤ 7 cm R ≥ 7 cm Low complexity: 4–6 Exo-/endophytic ≥50 % <50 % Endophytic Moderate complexity: 7–9 Nearness to collecting system/sinus N ≥ 7 mm 4 < N < 7 mm ≤4 mm High…
© Springer Japan KK 2017Mototsugu Oya (ed.)Renal Cell Carcinoma10.1007/978-4-431-55531-5_7 7. Natural History and Active Surveillance Jaimin R. Bhatt1, 2, Patrick O. Richard1, 3 and Michael A. S. Jewett1 (1) Division of Urology, Departments of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital,…
Histological subtype AFP HCG Primitive germ cell tumours Dysgerminoma − ± Yolk sac tumour ++ − Embryonal carcinoma ± ± Polyembryona ± + Non-gestational choriocarcinoma − ++ Mixed germ…
Pure stromal tumors Fibroma Cellular fibroma Thecoma Luteinized thecoma associated with sclerosing peritonitis Fibrosarcoma Sclerosing stromal tumor Signet-ring stromal tumor Microcystic stromal tumor Leydig cell tumor Steroid cell tumor Steroid…
Stage I: tumor confined to ovaries IA Tumor limited to 1 ovary, capsule intact, no tumor on surface, negative washings IB Tumor involves both ovaries otherwise like IA IC IC1:…
