Iatrogenic osteoporosis
Learning objectives • Glucocorticoids induce bone loss, lead to osteoporosis, and increase the patient’s fracture risk. • Glucocorticoid-induced bone loss and increased fracture risk can be reduced. The case study…
Osteoporosis in older adults
Learning objectives • Osteoporosis is also common in very old age. It is often underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. • Osteoporosis is less frequent in older men than in women, but…
Premenopausal women with low bone mass
Learning objectives • There is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis in premenopausal women. • The relationship between BMD and fractures is not as well established in premenopausal…
Osteoporosis in men
Learning objectives Osteoporosis in men, as in women, is asymptomatic until a fracture occurs. It is very often underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and undertreated. Osteoporosis is less frequent in men than in…
Osteonecrosis of the jaw: Nonhealing cavity after tooth extraction
Learning objectives • The definition, diagnosis, and staging of osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ). • Factors increasing the risk of ONJ. • Developing a management plan tailored to individual circumstances…
Atypical femoral fractures
Learning objectives • Recognize the symptoms and presentation of atypical femoral shaft fractures (AFF). • Understand the pathophysiology of AFF and the role of antiresorptive medication. The case study Reason…
Parathyroid hormone analogs
Teriparatide/abaloparatide—Part I: Differences and similarities Learning objectives • Pharmacologic profile: efficacy and adverse effects of teriparatide and abaloparatide. • Teriparatide and abaloparatide: differences and similarities. • Impact of recent label…
Sclerostin inhibitor (SERM): Romosozumab
Learning objectives • Understand bone turnover, its various components, and how they can be manipulated. • Recognize the role of sclerostin and romosozumab in bone turnover. • Identify patients who…
Sclerostin inhibitor (SERM): Raloxifene
Learning objectives • Raloxifene: Therapeutic profile: efficacy and adverse effects. • Estrogen/progesterone: uses, limitations, adverse effects. The case study Reason for seeking medical help Mrs. KA, 65-year-old woman is concerned…
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANK-L) inhibitor—Denosumab
Learning objectives • Appreciate the mode of action of denosumab, its efficacy, and adverse effects. • Develop a management strategy to follow up patients on denosumab. The case study Reason…
