Tumor-Targeted Antibodies
Fig. 18.1 Molecular structure of antibodies. Antibodies of the IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgG have two antigen-binding sites. IgA antibodies can be dimeric and IgM are pentameric. Monomeric antibodies have…
Predictors of Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Fig. 31.1 Hallmarks of response to immune checkpoint blockade. Identification of predictors of response to immune checkpoint hinges on an understanding of the influence of numerous factors on cancer development…
Plasmacytoid DC/Regulatory T Cell Interactions at the Center of an Immunosuppressive Network in Breast and Ovarian Tumors
Fig. 8.1 pDC plasticity. During viral infection and certain autoimmune diseases (Lupus, Psoriasis) pDCs contribute to immune response through TLR-7/9 engagement by viral or endogenous nucleic acid leading to their…
Side Effects of Cancer Immunotherapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors
Fig. 33.1 Tissues of the body affected by immune-related adverse events 33.2 Incidence of Immune-Related Adverse Events Among patients receiving ipilimumab, the most commonly reported adverse events include diarrhea, colitis,…
Assessing T Cell Receptor Affinity and Avidity Against Tumor Antigens
Fig. 40.1 Definition and assessment of T cell functional avidity and TCR-pMHC binding affinity/avidity. (a) T cell functional avidity is a biological readout that reflects T cell responsiveness upon antigen-specific…
Toward Engineered Cells as Transformational and Broadly Available Medicines for the Treatment of Cancer
Antigen Antigen class Phase Comment Alpha fetoprotein (αFP) Differentiation Preclinical Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Differentiation Ph1 Terminated—poor accrual Glycoprotein 100 (Gp100) Differentiation Ph2 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen Viral antigen Ph1 …
Oncolytic Viruses: T-VEC and Others
Fig. 24.1 Mechanism of action of oncolytic viruses: selective replication in cancer cells, tumor lysis, release of virus, and spread within cancer tissue (Reproduced from Kirn D et al. (2001)…
Cancer Vaccines for HPV Malignancies
Fig. 15.1 Global incidence of pathogen-induced human malignancies in 2012 [96] Fig. 15.2 Number of new HPV-associated cancers in 2009 [3] Exposure to HPV occurs with sexual debut and is…
Cancer Immunosurveillance by Natural Killer Cells and Other Innate Lymphoid Cells
Fig. 9.1 The ILC family members and their putative role in cancer. The ILC family comprises killer blood-circulating ILCs and helper-like tissue-resident ILCs. ILCs are further divided into three groups…
Effect of Pharmaceutical Compounds on Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells
Fig. 11.1 5-FU-dependent depletion of MDSCs. 5-FU specifically targets and depletes MDSCs, reducing the overall immunosuppression. However, 5-FU treatment also induces a permeabilization of the lysosome in MDSCs. Cathepsin B…
