Complete blood count Fasting glucose (and hemoglobin A1C if diabetic) Basic metabolic panel including kidney function Liver function tests Lipid panel Urinary analysis Prothrombin time/INR TSH B12, iron studies, folate,…
Fig. 7.1 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass History of Gastric Bypass The origins of the gastric bypass operation date back to the 1960s and the contributions of Dr. Mason. While searching for…
Generic name and year of approval Trade name(s) Dosage DEA schedule Pancreatic lipase inhibitor approved by FDA for long-term use Orlistat Xenical 120 mg three times daily before meals Not scheduled…
Fig. 6.1 Schematic overview of the chapter discussion pertaining to the role of estrogen receptor (ER) α action in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis and insulin action for the protection…
Fig. 4.1 Body weight and visceral adipose tissue mass are greater in sedentary OVX mice compared to age-matched sham mice. Increasing the cage activity of the OVX mice through access…
Fig. 2.1 Short-term protection observed at 4 weeks against loss of cancellous bone mass in rats achieving reduced energy availability with exercise and dietary energy restriction (ER) disappears after 12…
Fig. 3.1 Groups of male mice ranging in age from 4 to 6 months were studied. Control mice (CON, n = 11) were hormonally intact while those in the aromatase knockout (ARKO,…
Fig. 7.1 Relationship between mid-thigh low-density lean tissue and insulin sensitivity, M/I (r = −0.33, P = 0.05) in African American and Caucasian women In the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study, healthy early postmenopausal…
Female Male Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Coronary artery dissection of pregnancy “hot flashes” of menopause Pulmonary hypertension Raynaud’s disease Microvascular angina Migraine Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) Heart failure with…
Fig. 5.1 Pathways indicating the integrative function of estrogen in regulating glucose uptake. Estrogen mediates glucose homeostasis via its two receptors ERα and ERβ. ERα, the predominant isoform in muscle,…
