Mind–body Stimulation based Movement based Mechanical/manipulative Nutriceutical Meditation Relaxation Biofeedback Yoga Hypnosis Imagery Prayer TENS Acupuncture Massage Aromatherapy Therapeutic touch Music Exercise Dance therapy Alexander technique Tai Chi Qi Gong…
Fig. 9.1 The Melzack–Wall gate theory of pain. Thick myelinated afferent fibers and thin unmyelinated fibers synapse on projection neurons in the dorsal horn as well as inhibitory interneurons. A…
Medications Advantages Disadvantages Trials Tricyclic antidepressants Desipramine Nortriptyline Amitriptyline Restores sleep quality Treats depression Anticholinergic side effects Sedation, cognitive clouding Exacerbates orthostasis Double blind Placebo controlled Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors Duloxetine…
Erin Lawson and Miroslav “Misha” Backonja (eds.)Painful Diabetic Polyneuropathy2013A Comprehensive Guide for Clinicians10.1007/978-1-4614-6299-6_15© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 15. Patient Resources Erin Lawson1, 2 and Miroslav “Misha” Backonja3, 4 (1) Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology,…
3. Veves A, Backonja M, Malik RA. Painful diabetic neuropathy: epidemiology, natural history, early diagnosis, and treatment options. Pain Med. 2008;9:660–74.PubMedCrossRef 4. Davies M, Brophy S, Williams R, Taylor A….
4. Tesfaye S, Boulton AJM, Dyck PJ, et al. Diabetic neuropathies: update on definitions, diagnostic criteria, estimation of severity and treatments. Diabetes Care. 2010;33:2285–93.PubMedCrossRef 5. Watkins PJ, Edmonds ME. Clinical…
11. Kane R, Ouslander J, Abrass I, et al. Essentials of clinical geriatrics. 6th ed. Ontario: McGraw-Hill; 2008. p. 265–95. 12. Borson S, Scanlan J, Brush M. The mini-cog: a…
Fig. 11.1 A suggested algorithm for the management of patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). QOL quality of life, ALA α-lipoic acid, TENS transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. *Inadequate response is…
References Study type Data source Patient population Sample size Type of cost Mean incremental cost Mean total cost Notes Gordois et al. (2003) [7] Cost-of-illness model Prevalence and incidence rates…
Symmetrical diabetic neuropathies Asymmetrical diabetic neuropathies •Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy •Diabetic autonomic neuropathy •Polyneuropathy associated with glucose intolerance •Insulin neuritis •Hypoglycemic neuropathy •Hyperinsulinemic neuropathy •Diabetic cranial neuropathy •Diabetic mononeuropathies •Diabetic neuropathic…
