Biology of Germ Cell Tumors
Testicular cancer has been a model for a curable malignancy. The existence of an array of potential new therapies is the result of a prodigious effort in the researching and…
Clinical and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Renal Cell Carcinoma: What We Know So Far
The current treatment paradigm for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) includes agents that target the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Because these agents…
Management of Treatment-Related Toxicity with Targeted Therapies for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Evidence-Based Practice and Best Pr actices
The advent of targeted agents for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has led to dramatic improvements in therapy. However, the chronic use of these medications has also led…
Future Directions in Renal Cell Carcinoma: 2011 and Beyond
Emerging from a largely cytokine-based era, the last several years have witnessed a dramatic change in the therapeutic landscape of renal cancer. Molecularly targeted and antiangiogenic agents now form the…
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Targeted Therapies in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is, to date, the key element in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). VEGF pathway activation is responsible for the recruitment, migration, and expansion…
Immunotherapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma
Although several cytokines have shown antitumor activity in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most consistent results have been reported with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon (IFN). Recent insights into how the…
Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Therapies in High-Risk Renal Cell Carcinoma
The standard of care for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is surgical resection as a monotherapy or as part of a multimodal approach. A significant number of patients undergoing surgery for…
The Role of Surgery in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: Cytoreductive Nephrectomy and Metastasectomy
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered a relatively rare malignancy worldwide. Around a third of patients with RCC present with metastatic disease, and among those patients treated with nephrectomy with…
Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Non–Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recent Progress and Future Directions
Insights into the biology of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) have identified multiple pathways associated with the pathogenesis and progression of this cancer. This progress has led to the development…
mTOR Inhibitors in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Better understanding of the molecular biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has led to the development of several targeted anti-cancer agents, several of which have since received approval for treatment…
