Class Symbol Characteristic Disease/biological function associations Long intergenic noncoding RNAs lincRNAs Ranging from hundreds to tens of thousands nts; lie within the genomic intervals between two genes; transcriptional cis-regulation of…
Fig. 27.1 Comparison of overall survival and surrogate endpoints Disease-Free Survival (DFS) Disease-free survival (DFS) is defined as the time from randomization until recurrence of tumor or death from any…
Fig. 21.1 Markers of breast CTCs depend on the EMT stage. MET Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition, EMT Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition CTCs are considered as EMT forms of primary tumor cells. Carcinoma cells initially…
Gene Description Function(s) Signature type and importance Annexin A5 (ANXA5) Gene encodes indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex involved in the blood coagulation cascade Calcium ion binding, calcium-dependent phospholipid binding,…
Fig. 8.1 Historical perspective of selected hallmarks on the evolution of microRNA history MicroRNAs: The Biogenesis Various approaches have provided a basic understanding of the molecular details of miRNA biogenesis…
and Debmalya Barh2 (1) Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece (2) Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB),…
Drug class Agents Alkylating agents Cyclophosphamide Antimetabolites 5-Fluouracil (5-FU), methotrexate, capecitabine, gemcitabine Platinum salts Cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin Anthracyclines Daunorubicin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, epirubicin, mitoxantrone Topoisomerase I inhibitors Irinotecan Topoisomerase II inhibitors…
Detection method Patient status Remarks Total no. of patients n (%) Concordance (%) Reference DTC+, DTC+ DTC+, DTC− DTC−, DTC+ DTC−, DTC− Pan-CK staining M0 and M1 – 114 26…
Sample Comments Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), nipple aspirate with exfoliated cells Used to determine the receptor level and metabolomic profiling [98] Plasma Proteomic markers in breast cancer patients with early…
Recognized gene/region Position Mapped by Allele incidence Recognized/feasible role BRCA1 17q21 Linkage Rare DNA repair/genome stability BRCA2 13q13.1 Linkage Rare Recombinational repair TP53 17p13.1 Linkage Rare Li–Fraumeni syndrome, apoptosis ATM…
