Estrogen Biosynthesis
Fig. 4.1 Source of estrogens in lean premenopausal and obese postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, the main source of estrogens is the ovaries. Estrogens then act in an endocrine fashion to…
Adipose-Derived and Obesity-Related Factors and Breast Cancer
Fig. 3.1 Direct and indirect effects of adipokines, inflammatory mediators and insulin and IGF-1 on tumor cell growth. In obesity, hyperinsulinemia and high levels of certain adipokines, IGF-1 and inflammatory mediators…
The Link Between Obesity and Breast Cancer Risk: Epidemiological Evidence
Fig. 2.1 Number of publications on BMI and breast cancer over the last 3 decades. A Pubmed search was performed using search terms “body mass index” and “breast cancer” and plotted…
Estrogens, Adiposity and the Menopause
Fig. 1.1 Change in body shape during the menopausal transition. A decrease in estrogens after menopause, coupled to an increased ratio of androgens to estrogens, has been suggested to impact fat…
Therapy Aimed at Breaking the Linkage Between Obesity and Breast Cancer
Fig. 5.1 Targeting obesity-related estrogen biosynthesis. Weight loss, anti-diabetics, aromatase inhibitors and a number of other therapies have been shown to decrease estrogen biosynthesis and circulating estrogens, and hence, may prove…
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
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Heterotopic Ossification Prophylaxis
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Palliative Care: Brain Metastases
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Squamous Cell and Basal Cell Carcinomas
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