Gynecological Cancer
Fig. 15.1 Lymphatic drainage of the cervix. The lymphatic trunks are presented and lymph node echelons are tabulated. 2Obturator ln are part of the medial subgroup of the external ilian…
Brain Tumors
Grading Entity WHO I° Pilocytic astrocytoma Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma WHO II° Diffuse astrocytoma Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma Oligodendroglioma Oligoastrocytoma Gemistocytic astrocytoma WHO III° Anaplastic astrocytoma Anaplastic oligodendroglioma Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma Gliomatosis cerebri…
Bladder Cancer
T – primary tumor TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumor Ta Noninvasive papillary carcinoma Tis Carcinoma in situ: “flat tumor” T1 Tumor invades subepithelial…
Lung Cancer
AJCC/UICC lymph node classification by Mountain and Dresler Laterality Localisation (for detailed description, see Chapet et al. 2005) Accessible by EBUS-FNA Mediastinoscopy Superior mediastinal nodes Highest mediastinal 1 R/L Upper…
Pancreatic Cancer
UICC subdivisions Description JPS Description Superior Sup. to head and body Inferior Inf. to head and body Anterior Ant. pancreaticoduodenal, pylorica, proximal mesenteric Group 1:13a,* 13b,* 17a,* 17b* Posterior surface…
Head and Neck Cancer
1. Diameter >1 cm (or in the case of the jugulodigastric nodes, >1.5 cm) 2. Smaller than 1 cm with spherical rather than ellipsoidal (or “kidney-bean”) shape 3. Contain inhomogeneities…
Esophageal Cancer
Fig. 8.1 Classification of tumor depth for superficial esophageal cancer. Ep epithelium, lp lamina propria, mm muscularis mucosae, m mucosa, sm submucosa, mp muscularis propria, ad adventitia (from Ancona et…
Anal Carcinoma
Fig 11.1 Axial MRI image demonstrating the proximal anal canal in a female 11.2 Pathology More than 80 % of anal SCCs contain one or more subtypes of human papilloma…
Prostate Cancer
Risk group Low Intermediate High NCCN T-stage cT1c + cT2a and cT2b – 2c and/or cT3 or PSA <10 ng/ml and >10–20 ng/ml and/or >20 ng/ml or Gleason sum <7 =7 8–10…
Gastric Cancer
Figs. 9.1 and 9.2 LN drainage: Compartment 1 (DI resection): 1. right cardial nodes; 2. left cardial nodes; 3. nodes along the lesser curvature; 4. nodes along the greater curvature;…
