DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF THE THYROID NODULE Part of “CHAPTER 39 – THE THYROID NODULE“ Because most thyroid nodule morbidity is related to cancerous lesions, clinical evaluation focuses on the identification…
IRRADIATION-RELATED THYROID NEOPLASIA Part of “CHAPTER 39 – THE THYROID NODULE“ Many causative factors in the development of thyroid nodules, especially thyroid carcinomas, are uncertain. One undisputed factor, however, is…
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THYROID NODULES Part of “CHAPTER 39 – THE THYROID NODULE“ The differential diagnosis of apparent thyroid nodules covers a wide range of pathology1,2,3,4 and 5 (Table 39-1)….
PREVALENCE OF THYROID NODULES Part of “CHAPTER 39 – THE THYROID NODULE“ The prevalence of thyroid nodules must be considered from several perspectives. As many as 1.5% of adolescents may…
THE THYROID NODULE Leonard Wartofsky Andrew J. Ahmann The clinical management of nodular thyroid disease is controversial.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and 12 The finding of a thyroid nodule poses considerable anxiety for patient…
SUBSTERNAL GOITER Part of “CHAPTER 38 – NONTOXIC GOITER“ Substernal goiter refers to thyroidal enlargement, the major portion of which is inferior to the thoracic inlet.75 Most substernal goiters are…
TREATMENT OF NONTOXIC GOITER Part of “CHAPTER 38 – NONTOXIC GOITER“ The approach to managing nontoxic goiter involves (a) prevention of progressive enlargement of the thyroid gland; (b) anticipation, where…
PROGNOSIS OF NONTOXIC GOITER Part of “CHAPTER 38 – NONTOXIC GOITER“ In young or middle-aged patients, particularly those with non-toxic gland enlargement due to Hashimoto thyroiditis, goiter may remit spontaneously….
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CAUSE OF NONTOXIC GOITER Part of “CHAPTER 38 – NONTOXIC GOITER“ Serum antithyroid antibody titers should be measured in all patients with nontoxic goiter. Elevated antibody titers…
LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT WITH GOITER Part of “CHAPTER 38 – NONTOXIC GOITER“ The principles of diagnostic evaluation of the patient with non-toxic goiter are: (a) confirmation of eumetabolism;…
